A group / team have an identity, shared goals, structured communication, interaction (task cohesion) & social cohesion.
A group forms in 4 stages according to Tuckman: Forming, Storming, Norming & Performing
Forming - is when the group comes together & starts to identify roles
Storming - is when conflict occurs between players in competition for roles
Norming - stability takes over and co-operation between players
Performing - the players work together towards a common goal
Task Cohesion : how well a group works together to achieve a common goal
Social Cohesion : how well a group supports each other and gets on with one another
Task cohesion is more important for success than social cohesion as success can occur with task cohesion alone. However, task cohesion can lead to social cohesion & both is the best scenario. Success can also lead to cohesion
Carron's model suggests 4 antecedents (factors) affect cohesion, which affects success:
Personal factors - e.g. the ability levels, motivation, personality & satisfaction levels of the players
Environment factors - group size, time & facilities available & external threats
Leadership factors - the leader's style, personality and relationships with the players
Team factors - team stability, previous success & interactiveness of the task
Coaches can develop cohesion in their teams by: setting shared goals; giving players roles & responsibilities; developing a team identity; ensuring regular communication through team meetings; avoiding cliques; developing social cohesion; team bonding sessions & practising tactics
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