We set goals in order to improve motivation, give us something to focus on & to increase self efficacy
There are 3 types of goal; Outcome, Performance & Process goals.
Outcome goals are about the result of a game, competition or league. They are good for motivation levels but cannot be totally controlled by the performer.
e.g. to win Olympic gold medal
Performance goals are about improvements in technique, tactics etc. They can be controlled and therefore can enhance motivation & self efficacy even in defeat. However, they may promote selfishness against team ethic.
e.g. to run 9.50 seconds in the 100m
Process goals are about the procedures to go through in order to achieve other goals. They are easily achieved and show HOW to achieve the goals. However they are not exciting
e.g. to complete 2x technical sessions; 3x S&C sessions; 1x psych session every week
All of these goals can be set over different time-frames:
Long term goals are set over years - this could be outcome goal
Medium term goals are set over months - this could be performance goals
Short term goals are set every day - this could be process goals
Goals should be set using the SMARTER principle:
Specific - to the performer's sport, position, role etc
Measurable - so you can see whether the goal is achieved
Agreed - performer and coach must accept the goal
Realistic - so they are achievable & therefore enhance self efficacy
Time framed - so the goal is actioned quickly and not put off
Exciting - to increase motivation
Recorded - in order to create an action plan
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